GUANGGAO
GUANGGAO
GUANGGAO
DANGDAISHUICHANDUJIABAODAO:
ZUOZHE?|?LIRUICHENG GUANGZHOUSHIFANYUQUNONGYEKEXUEYANJIUSUO
ZUOZHE?|?ZHANGYANYING HAINANZHENGQIANGCHAOYUESHENGHUAJISHUKAIFAYOUXIANGONGSI
LAIYUAN |?TENGSHISHUICHANSHANGWUWANG-DANGDAISHUICHAN
GONGCHANGHUAYANGXIAZHANDISHAO,CHANLIANGGAO,XIAOYIHAO,KEYIBIMIANCHUANTONGYANGXIAFANGSHIDAILAIDEXIABINGHESHUITIWURAN, JIANSHAOTIANQIBIANHUADUIYANGZHIDEBULIYINGXIANG。 WOGUOYANHAIDEDUIXIAYANGZHIJINGGUODUONIANDEFAZHAN, GONGCHANGHUAYANGXIAJUYOUYIDINGDEJICHU, BUFENDIQUGONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIYIDASHIJIEXIANJINSHUIPING, DANZONGTISHANGJIBENCAIYONG“SHUINICHI+WENSHIDAPENG” WEIHEXINDEJINGYANGMOSHI。
YI、YANGZHITIAOJIAN
(YI)CHANGZHIXUANZE
JIANCHANGSHOUXIANYINGKAOLVSHUIYUANSHUIZHISHIFOUDABIAO、SHUIYUANSHIFOUCHONGZU;YANGZHIWUSHUICHULIPAIFANGSHIFOUDAILAIWURAN;YONGDIANSHIFOUWENDING,SHENGCHANZILIAO(SILIAO、YAOPINDENG)SHIFOUGONGGEICHONGZU;YOUYUHUANBAOWENTI,JINZHISHAOMEI,ERSHIYONGTIANRANQICHENGBENGUOGAO,YINGYOUXIANXUANZEYONGYOUDIREZIYUANDEDIFANGJIANCHANG。
(ER)CHITANGJIANSHEYUGAIZAO
1、溫棚建造
YANGZHICHITANGPUBIANCAIYONGSHUINICHI+WENPENGDEJIANZAOGONGYI。WENPENGMIANJI500-5000PINGFANGMI,PINGMIANTUXINGYICHANGFANGXIANGWEIYI。WUDINGJIEGOUYOUGONGXING、XIANGYANGXING、SANJIAOXINGDENG,CAIYONGGANGWUJIA、MUWUJIA、GANGMUHUNHEJIA、HUNNITUJIEGOUDENG。WUDINGFUGAIBAOWENMO,CAIYONGGANGJINJIEGOUHUOGANGSIJIEGOUZUOWEIBAOWENMODEZHICHENG。
2、養殖池改造
YANGZHICHIBUYITAIDA,YINGYINDIZHIYI。YIFANGXING、YUANXINGWEIHAO,MIANJI30--200PINGFANGMI;YEYOUSHEJICHENGPAODAOSHI。CHIDILVECHENGGUODI,ZHONGYANGSHEZHIPAIWUKOU;XIACHISHUIWEIKONGZHIZAI2.0MI,PINGSHIWEICHISHUIWEIZAI1.0-1.5MI。MUQIANNANFANGYOUXIEDIFANGSHIYONGBOLIGANGSHUICAO、BOMOCHIJINXINGYANGZHI。CHITANGTONGGUOSHEZHIJUYIXIGUANDAO,JINXINGJINSHUIHEPAISHUI。
3、蓄水池(海水處理池)
JINRUXIACHIDESHUITIXUYAOJINXINGCHENDIAN、XIAODU、GUOLVCHULI。YIBANXUSHUICHIXUSHUINENGLIYUYANGZHISHUITIBILIWEI1:2ZUOYOU,SHIYANGZHIMOSHILAIJUEDINGXUSHUICHIDEMIANJI。XUSHUINENGLIBIXUMANZUGAOFENGYONGSHUIDEXUYAO。
4、增氧設備
XIACHIDEZENGYANGZHUYAOSHIYONGGUFENGJI,PIPEIDEGONGLVWEIMEIFANGSHUITI15-20WA,YIBANYANGZHICHANGYINGPEIBEI2TAIYISHANGDEGUFENGJI,YUFANGCHUXIANGUZHANGSHIYINGJISHIYONG。KONGQITONGGUOGUANDAO、QIPAN(QISHI、NAMIGUAN)DENGSHUSONGDAOCHIDI,WEICHISHUIZENGYANG。DACHIZIHEPAODAOSHIYANGZHICHITANGKESHIYONGXIELUNSHIZENGYANGJI。BAOZHENGSHUITIRONGJIEYANGZAI5mg/lYISHANG。
ER、YANGZHIQIANDEZHUNBEIGONGZUO
(YI)SHUICHIXIAODUHEWENPENGXUNZHENG
1、溫棚熏蒸。在養殖前,應對溫棚進行消毒,一般可以采用熏蒸的方法對空氣、薄膜、縫隙等進行消毒,殺滅有害的微生物。一般用高錳酸鉀、水和福爾馬林按1:1:2 的比例混合,使之產生氣體,進行消毒。
2、新建水泥池,用水浸泡10天以上,多次浸泡洗刷,消除水泥浸出物。水池和管道用強氯精或漂白精按有效氯5-6ppm消毒。
(ER)SHUITIXIAODU
1、進水:池塘消毒過后,排掉消毒水,沖洗池底,進水至80厘米,進水口用80目雙層篩絹網過濾。使用過濾水的無需再次網濾。
2、消毒:進水到位,用碘制劑(有效碘1%)0.5-1ppm潑灑,殺滅水體病原菌和病毒。
(SAN)PEISHUI、HUOSHUI
1、解毒
YONGYOUJISUANJIEDUJIPOSA,JIECHUSHUITIDEYOUDUWUZHI。
2、培菌
YONGFUHERUSUANJUNRONGYE5ppm+YABAOGANJUN1ppm+HONGTANG10ppmJINPAO3-4XIAOSHIPOSA,GETIAN1CI。LIANYONG2-3CI。PEIYANGWENDINGDEYIYOUYIWEISHENGWUWEIZHUDAODEWEISHENGTAIXITONG,FANGYUYOUHAIJUNDEZISHENG。
3、培水育藻
ZAIDIERCIPEIJUNSHI,YONGHUANGFUSUANJIA3ppm+HONGTANG1ppmPEIHESHILIANGFEISHUICHANPINPOSA;PEIYANGYOUYIDANBAOZAOLEI。
SAN、FANGMIAO
1、蝦苗的選擇與試水:
(1)選苗:選擇信譽度好、種蝦來源明確、健康的蝦苗進行養殖。健康蝦苗群體發育整齊,肢體完整、光潔,肌肉飽滿透明,附肢中色素正常,胃腸充滿食物,游動活潑,逆游能力強,外部無寄生物及附著污物。
(2)試水:放苗前試水是養殖不可少的一個環節。放苗前,從苗場取200-300尾蝦苗,放到水池的網箱中,24小時后計算成活率。成活率達到90%,即可放苗。如達不到,要找出原因,對因處理后方可放苗。
2、放苗密度:
GENJUDANGDIDEYANGZHICHENGHUOLV、YINGJIANTIAOJIANHEHUANSHUILIANG,YIJIJISHUGUANLISHUIPINGDENG,ZONGHEKAOLVFANGMIAOLIANG,YINDIZHIYISHEZHIYANGZHIMIDU,QIEWUGENFENG。YIBANMEIFANGSHUITIFANGMIAO500-800WEI,TIAOJIANJIAOHAODEKEYIFANGDAO1000-1200WEI。
3、放苗前的操作:
FANGMIAOQIAN1TIAN,YONGZHIHUJUNPOSA,YIZHIHUJUNDESHENGCHANG。
FANGMIAOQIAN2XIAOSHI,YONGDUOWEI+YOUJISUANJIEDUJIPOSA,JIECHUYINGJI,BAOZHANGXIAMIAORUCHISHUNLITUIKE;DIERTIANZAIYONG1CI。
SI、SIYANGGUANLI
GONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIBUTONGYUWAITANGYANGZHI,SHUITIERLIAOSHENGWUQUEFA,FANGMIAODEDANGTIANJIUYINGGAITOUWEISILIAO。TONGSHI,YOUYUSHUITIDEGUNDONGZHUANGTAI,SHUITIDEYOUJISUIXIEXUANFUZAISHUIZHONG,SHIZHONGYAODESHIWULAIYUAN。YINCIGONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIDESIWEIGUANLITEBIEZHONGYAO。
(YI) TOULIAOLIANGDECISHU
YIBANFANGMIAOCHUQI,MEITIANTOUWEI4-6CAN,YONGXIAPIANHEKAIKOULIAOTOUWEI,YOUTIAOJIANDEKEYISHIDANGTOUWEILUCHONG(FENGNIANCHONG)、RAOZULEIHEZHIJIAOLEI。YIHOUZHUJIANJIANWEI3-4CAN,TOUWEIDUIXIAPEIHESILIAO,YOUTIAOJIANDEBUCHONGTOUWEISHENGWUERLIAO,RULUCHONGDENG。
(ER) TOULIAOLIANGDEQUEDING
KEYICANKAOYIXIABIAOGE,JIEHEDANGSHISHUIWEN、SHUIZHIHEDUIXIASHIYU,LAIJUEDINGTOULIAOLIANG。SHUIHAO、XIAJIANKANG、SHUIWENSHIYI,KEDUOTOU;SHUIWENGAO、SHUITIXUANFUWUDUO、TUIKEQISHAOTOUHUOSHIDANGTINGLIAO。ZAIXIAMIAOCHANGDAO4LIMIYIHOU,YICHAKANSILIAOTAI,JIEHESHUIZHI、QIHOULAIDIAOZHENGTOULIAOLIANG。
10WANWEIXIATOULIAOCANKAOBIAO | |
≤1LIMI | 150-200 |
2LIMI | 800-1000KE |
3LIMI | 4JIN |
4LIMI | 8JIN |
5LIMI | 15JIN |
6LIMI | 28JIN |
7LIMI | 35JIN |
8LIMI | 50JIN |
9LIMI | 70JIN |
10LIMI | 96JIN |
11LIMI | 104JIN |
12LIMI | 124JIN |
(SAN) BUCHONGYINGYANG,CHANGWEIBAOJIAN
YOUYUGONGCHANGHUAYANGZHISHUITIZHONGXUANFUDALIANGDEYOUJIZHI,DUIXIACHISHIYOUJISUIXIEFEICHANGRONGYICHUXIANGANCHANGWENTI,ERYIDANCHUXIANLAXI,FENBIANRONGJIEDAOSHUITI,DAOZHISHUITIFAZHAN,DUIXIAYANSHI、SAIZHONG、SHOUSHEN,SHUITIYOUHAIWUZHIRUYAXIAOSUANYAN、ANDANDENGSHENGGAO。ELIEDESHUIHUANJINGYOUXIEPODUIXIADEJIANKANG,YINQISHENGCHANGHUANMAN、FABINGHUOTOUSI。YINCI,CHANGWEIBAOJIANHEBUCHONGYINGYANGFEICHANGGUANJIAN。
1、保護腸胃:用復合乳酸菌溶液+多維拌料投喂,每天1-2餐,可以一直拌料投喂;每5天再加蛭弧菌拌料,連用2天,保護腸道,減預防弧菌感染。
2、預防弧菌(EMS)、白便:用單甘脂+多維拌料投喂,每天1-2餐,連用5-7天為一個周期。同時水體做抗弧菌處理,如潑灑蛭弧菌或適當消毒。
3、增強食欲,拉稀:黃芪多糖+楊樹花+甜菜堿拌料投喂,每天2餐。
4、預防白便:單甘脂+黃芪多糖+復合乳酸菌溶液拌料投喂,在白便流行季節使用。
5、補充營養,促進生長:小肽+多糖+多維連續拌料,每天1-2餐。也可用肽補和保護腸胃的組方聯合拌料,效果更佳。
WU、YANGZHIQIANQIGUANLI
FANGMIAOHOUDEYANGZHIQIANQIGUANLISHIFENZHONGYAO,XIAMIAOZAIXINDEHUANJINGZHONGSHIFOUSHIYING,SHIWUSHIFOUCHONGZUDENG,ZHIJIEYINGXIANGDAOXIAMIAODESHENGCHANGHEJIANKANG。
1、BAOZHENGCHONGZUDEKAIKOUERLIAO,YIBANFANGMIAOYIHOUMASHANGTOUWEI,YONGXIAPIANHEKAIKOULIAOJINPAOFUHERUSUANJUNRONGYEHEDUOWEIPOSA。YOUTIAOJIANDEZAIFANGMIAOQIAN,SHUITITOUFANGSHILIANGDEFENGNIANCHONGGENGJIA。
2、FANGMIAODISAN、DIBATIAN,YONGYANGSHUHUA+YOUJISUANJIEDUJIPOSA,YUFANGMIAOQICHANGWEIJIBINGHEHUANGTIDEFASHENG。DIERTIANYONGZHIHUJUN+GUANGHEXIJUNPOSA,YIZHIYOUHAIJUNZAODEZISHENG。
3、DIWU、DISHITIAN,YONGFUHERUSUANJUNRONGYE+DUOWEIPOSA,WEICHISHUIZHIQINGXIN,TIGAOXIAMIAOHUOLI。
4、DIQI、DISHISITIAN,YONGGUOLIUSUANQINGJIAPIANGANSA,YANGHUACHIDI,JIEDU、HUDI,YIZHIYOUHAIJUNZAO。
5、DANGCHUXIANSHUIZHAN(QITOUMEIYOUPAOMOHUOPAOMOBUSAN)SHI,YONGGUOYANGHUAGAI+BIAOMIANHUOXINGJIPOSA,QUNIANZENGYANG,QINGCHUYOUHAIWUZHI,DIAOLICHANGDAO。
6、SHUISEGUODANSHI,YONGFUZHISUANNAPEIHEFEISHUICHANPINPOSA,PEIYANGZAOLEI。
LIU、ZHUANGANQIGUANLI
DUIXIAYANGZHIDAO4LIMIZUOYOU,GANYIXIANXIAMIANDEBAIMOCHUXIAN,YUSHIZHUANGANQIDEDAOLAI。ZHUANGANQISHIDUIXIABIJIAORONGYIFABINGDEJIEDUAN。ZHEGEJIEDUAN,DUIXIASHIYUWANGSHENG,SHENMEDOUCHI,RONGYIDAOZHICHANGWEIJIBING;LINGYIFANGMIAN,CIJIEDUANSHENGCHANGSUDUJIAOKUAI,GANYIXIANDEFUDANJIAOZHONG。SUOYIZHEGEJIEDUANRONGYICHUXIANGANYIXIANDEWENTI。
1、GANCHANGBAOJIAN,YIBANYONGLONGDANXIEGANSAN+HUANGQIDUOTANG+DUOWEIBANLIAOTOUWEI,MEITIAN2CAN,LIANYONG5-6TIAN。
2、JIEDUHUGAN,YONGGUOSUAN+YANGSHUHUAPOSA,WANSHANGYONGGUOLIUSUANQINGJIAPIANYANGHUACHIDI。
3、HUDIGAIDI,MEI5-7TIANYONGGUOLIUSUANQINGJIAPIAN+BIAOMIANHUOXINGJIGANSA。
QI、SHUIZHIGUANLI
1、換水
YANGZHIQIANQIMEITIANJIASHUI5-10GONGFEN,DANGSHUIWEIDADAO1.2MISHI,KEYIHUANSHUI,MEITIANHUANSHUI10GONGFEN。DANGXIAMIAOSHENGCHANGDAO4GONGFENHOU,JIADAHUANSHUILIANG,KERIHUANSHUI10-20%;HOUQIHUANSHUI30-50%。HUANSHUILIANGSHISHUIZHIQINGKUANGERDING,YINGJIXIAKERIHUANSHUI100%。HUANSHUISUISHIGAILIANGSHUIZHIZUIKUAIDEFANGFA,DANHUANSHUILIANGGUODA,HUIYINQIYINGJIYANSHIHESHOUSHENDENGWENTI。
2、解毒
GONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIDUIXIA,QIANQICHUXIANHUANGTIBUCHANG,ZHONGHOUQICHUXIANLANTI,DUOSHISHUITIYOUDUWUZHICHAOBIAODETIXIAN,YINGDINGQIJIEDU。YIBANMEI7-10TIAN,YONGFUZHISUANNA5ppm+TANSUANGAI5ppmPOSA。
3、培水
ZAIYANGZHIGUOCHENGZHONG,DINGQIYONGFUHERUSUANJUNRONGYE5ppm+HONGTANG1ppm+YABAOJUN0.5ppmJINPAO2-4XIAOSHIPOSA,WEICHISHUIZHIWENDING;YONGGUANGHEXIJUNYIZHIJIAZAODENGYOUHAIZAOLEIFANZHI。
4、穩水
YANGZHIZHONGHOUQI,SHUITIYOUJIZHIJIAODUO,SHUITIDEWEILIANGYUANSURONGYIQUEFA,ZONGYINGDU、ZONGJIANDUXIAJIANG,SHUIZHIBUWENDING,PHXIAJIANG,YOUHAIZAOZISHENG。YIBANYONGTANSUANGAI10ppm+BIAOMIANHUOXINGJI1ppmPOSA,TIGAOYINGDUHEJIANDU,WENDINGSHUIZHI。
5、去黏
QITOUMEIYOUQIPAOHUOQIPAOBUSAN,SHISHUIZHANDEBIAOXIAN,YINGJISHIYONGGUOYANGHUAGAI5ppm+BIAOMIANHUOXINGJI1ppmPOSA,QUNIANZENGYANG,QINGCHUYOUHAIWUZHI。
6、氧化底底
DINGQIYONGGUOLIUSUANQINGJIAPIANGANSA,MEI5-7TIANYICI。
BA、RICHANGGUANLI
DUIXIAYANGZHIDERICHANGGUANLISHIFENGUANJIAN,BAOKUOJIANCHASHUIZHI、CHISHI、DUIXIAJIANKANG、HUANJINGKONGZHIDENG。
1、水質檢測。定時檢測水體的PH值、氨氮、亞硝酸鹽、溶解氧等水質指標,確保水質達標,出現水質指標超標和變化過大,及時采取處理措施。
2、檢查對蝦吃食情況,及時調節投料量;檢查對蝦的健康狀態,發現問題,及時處理。
3、控溫。水溫控制在28-32℃,日夜溫差不大于3℃,使對蝦各項生理指標達到最佳。低溫到影響生長時,采用加溫設備提高水溫;高溫時,打開門窗,增加通風來降低棚溫。
4、控光。棚頂可以設置半透明的無紡布等遮光材料,并加固,達到控制光照的效果,避免過強額光照引起有害藻類如藍藻、甲藻等生長,影響對蝦的生長。
5、增氧。高密度的對蝦養殖,必須保證溶解氧充足,水體溶解必須氧達到5mg/l以上,水面氣泡成沸騰狀。一般1000方水體使用15kw的羅茨鼓風機2臺,每平方米放置氣石2個。換水時,應及時調節氣流開關,避免不換水的池子由于相對水位過高,充氣不足導致缺氧。
6、抗應激。在水質變化大、水質指標超標、氣候突變,大量換水時,適當潑灑抗應激的產品,提高對蝦對應激的適應,提高體質和活力,預防疾病發生和偷死。
JIU、JIBINGZONGHEFANGZHI
DUIXIAGONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIDEJIBINGCHULEYIBANDEGANRANXINGJIBINGWAI,GENGDUOSHIHUANJINGXINGDEJIBING。GONGCHANGHUAYANGZHICHITANGDEYANGZHISHUITIJIAOXIAO,CAOZUOFANGMIAN,GELIHAO,DUICHUANRANXINGJIBINGDEFANGKONGJUYOUYOUSHI。DANYOUYUMIDUDA,PUQIHUANJINGDENG,SHUITIRONGJIEDEYOUJIZHIDUO,CHAOCHUSHUITIDEZIJINGNENGLI,XUYAOTONGGUODALIANGHUANSHUIHUOTOUFANGWEISHENGWUZHIJILAIJIEJUESHUIZHIWURANWENTI,ERZHEXIEHUIDAILAIJIAOGAODEHAOYANGHEYINGJI。
ZONGJIEDUONIANDEGONGCHANGHUAYANGZHIDUIXIAJINGYAN,TICHUYIXIAJIBINGZONGHEFANGKONGCUOSHI。
1、廠區嚴格消毒。
FANGMIAOQIAN,CHIZI、GUANDAO、GONGJUCHEDIXIAODU,SHENGCHANCHEJIANYANGEXUNZHENG,CHEDISHAMIEBINGYUANTI,XIAOCHUYINHUAN。
2、水源處理。
(1)YONGSHUIJINGGUOXIAODU、GUOLV,CHEDISHAMIEBINGYUANTI,XIAOCHUYINHUAN。
(2)JIANCESHUITIDEZHIBIAO,JISHIBUCHONGKUANGWUYUANSU,TIGAOZONGJIANDUHEZONGYINGDU。
3、種苗檢疫。
FANGYANGTONGGUOJIANCEBUDAITEDINGBINGDUHEHUJUNDEZHONGMIAO。
4、嚴格控制投喂量,保護腸胃。
GONGCHANGHUADUIXIAYANGZHI,CHANGYANSHIZUIPINFADEJIBING。
5、合理使用水質改良劑,減少換水量,減少應激。
6、補充足夠的鈣鎂營養和總堿度。