溫棚對蝦養殖是滄州沿海近年來探索的一種新的對蝦養殖模式，該養殖模式的特點是高產高效、可控性強、養殖成功率高，是我省對蝦養殖的一個新模式。本文重點介紹啟瑞水產養殖專業合作社開展的溫棚南美白對蝦養殖，包括養殖設施的建設、養殖管理技術等，以期為該技術的示范推廣提供參考。
CANGZHOUSHIWENPENGDUIXIAYANGZHISHIFANJIDIQIRUISHUICHANYANGZHIZHUANYEHEZUOSHE，CHENGLIYU2015NIAN11YUE，HEZUOSHEWEIYUHUANGHUASHINANPAIHEZHENZHANGJUHECUN，ZHANDI4.67hm2，HEZUOSHEYANGZHIWENPENGJICHUSHESHI2015NIAN12YUEKAIGONGJIANSHE，2016NIAN3YUEWANCHENGSHIGONG，4YUEKAISHIDIYICHANANMEIBAIDUIXIAYANGZHI，6YUE12RIZHI17RIDIYICHAYANGZHIDUIXIACHUCHI，PINGJUNGUIGE80WEI/kg，DANCHANDA2108.3 kg/667m2，CHUCHIJIAGE55.32YUAN/kg，SHIXIANLEKAIMENHONG。
NO.1基礎設施
ZHONGYANGPAIWUWENPENG3ZUO（YUE0.8hm2），SHUICHULICHIYUE3.0hm2（YIJICHENDIANCHI、ERJISHUICHULICHIGEYI），SHALVGUANYIZUO，180mSHENQIANJIJINGYIYAN，LUOCIFENGJIZENGYANGSHESHI4TAO（40kW），PEIDIANSHESHIYITAO（80kVA）DENGQITASHEBEI。
NO.2溫棚建設
HEZUOSHEGONGJIANYOUSANGEWENPENG，DONGXIFANGXIANGPINGXINGPAILIE，MEIGEWENPENGDONGXICHANG130m，NANBEIKUAN20m，WENPENGGAO4m，MEIGEWENPENGNEISHE4GEYANGZHICHITANG，MEIGECHITANGYOUXIAOYANGZHISHUIMIAN600m2。YANGZHICHITANGZHONGYANGSHEZHIJIWUKENG、CHIDIPUSHEPAIWUGUANDAO（MAIRUDIXIAYUE50cm），BIANYUJIANGDUIXIAFENBIAN、CANERDENGFEIWUPAICHU，CHITANGDIBUYOUSIZHOUXIANGZHONGYANGDEJIWUKENGCHENG15～20°PODU，YOULIYUFEIWUSUISHUILIUXUANZHUANXIANGZHONGYANGHUIJI。
WENPENGCAIYONGGANGGUANLIANGCHENGZHONG，WAIFUYICENGSULIAOBOMO。WENPENGZHONGJIANDONGXIXIANGSHEYIZHULIANG，MEI10mSHEYICHENGZHONGZHICHENGZHU，GANGGUANLIANGMEILIANGGEGANGGUANLIANGZHIJIANJIANGE1.5m，BAOZHENGWENPENGJIANGU，WENPENGDINGYUDIMIANDEJIAJIAOYUE35°～40°，BIMIANYINDAFENGDENGENVETIANQIZAOCHENGSUNSHI。
WENPENGDONGXILIANGDUAN、WENPENGBEICEZIDIMIANXIANGSHANG1.0～1.5 m，CAIYONGSHOUDONGJUANLIANZHUANGZHI，GAOWENJIJIEKEYIJUANQI，LIYUPENGNEITONGFENG，YIBAOCHISHIYIDEHUANJING。
NO.3水源配置設施
XUSHUICHI2GE（YUE3.0hm2），FENWEIYIJICHENDIANCHI（2hm2）、ERJISHUICHULICHI（1.0hm2），YIHANDONGLIANJIE，DONGKOUSHEZHIZHABAN。SHUIYUANWEIZIRANHAISHUIHEDIXIASHUI。DACHAOQIYOUYINSHUIQUDESHUIBENGTIQUZIRANHAISHUI，JINGCHENDIAN、XIAODU（PIAOBAIFEN30mg/L）CHULI，RANHOUJINRUERJISHUICHULICHI，YONG180mSHENQIANJINGDIXIASHUIJINGERJISHUICHULICHIGOUDUI，YONGSHUICHESHIZENGYANGJICHONGFENPUQI、HUNHEJUNYUN，SHUIDEYANDUDIAOZHI20‰ZUOYOU，ZUOWENDINGDEBEIYONGSHUIYUAN。
NO.4充氧設施
CAIYONGLUOCIFENGJIGONGYANG，MEIGECHITANGGONGYANGGONGLVYUE3kW，CAIYONGWEIKONGNAMIGUANYUANHUANZENGYANG，MEIPAICHONGYANGHUANZHIJIANJULI100cm，JULICHIDI15cm，MEIGECHITANGDIAOZHUANG6PAICHONGYANGHUAN，PAIYUPAIJIANJU300cm，MEIGECHITANGPEIZHI120GECHONGYANGHUAN。MEIGECHITANGDUIJIAOFANGZHISHUICHEZENGYANGJI2BU，CUJINCHISHUIXUNHUANLIUDONG，LIYUCHIDIWUWUXIANGCHIZHONGYANGPAIWUKOUJUJI。
NO.5第一茬對蝦養殖
5.1 進水消毒、配水
3YUEZHONGXIAXUN，DACHAOSHIJINSHUI，JINGCHENDIANCHIXIAODU，CAIYONGPIAOBAIFENYUE30mg/L，48hHOU，JINGXIAODUCHULIDEHAISHUIJINRUERJISHUICHULICHI，JIAZHUDIXIADANSHUI，JIANGYANDUDIAOZHI20‰ZUOYOU，YONGSHUICHESHIZENGYANGJIPUQI，HAIDANSHUIHUNHEJUNYUNBEIYONG。
5.2 苗種選擇、標粗
4YUECHU，XUANZEHAINANYOUZHINANMEIBAIDUIXIAP5ZIXIAMIAOZHONG，ZAIBENDIYUMIAOCHANGCHEJIANJINGYIZHOUSHIJIANBIAOCU，MIAOZHONGGUIGEDA1.0 cmZUOYOU，CHISHUIWENDUDA20 ℃，KAISHIXIANGCHITANGZHONGFANGYANG。
5.3 放養時間與密度
WENPENGCHITANGSHUIWENDUDA20 ℃SHIZHUNBEIFANGMIAO，FANGMIAOQIANJINGCHONGFENPUQI、FEISHUI，JINGXIAMIAOSHISHUI24h，SHISHUIHEGEHOU，KAISHIFANGMIAO。DIYICHADUIXIAYANGZHIFANGMIAOSHIJIANWEI4YUE13RI，MIAOZHONGBIAOCUCHIYANDUYUWENPENGYANDUCHAXIAOYU5‰，FANGMIAOMIDUWEI300WANWEI/hm2 。
NO.6養殖管理
6.1 加水與調水
YANGZHIGUOCHENGZHONG，QIANQISUIXIAMIAOSHENGCHANGZHUJIANTIANSHUI，MEIZHOUYICI，MEICI10～20cm。MEI10～15d，DINGQISHIYONGEMJUN、GUANGHEXIJUNDIAOKONGCHITANGSHUIZHI，BAOCHIZAOXIANG、JUNXIANGWENDING。QIANQIZHIJIASHUI，ZHONGHOUQIDADAOZUIGAOSHUIWEIHOUMEITIANJIAHUANSHUIBUSHAOYU20cm。
6.2 飼料投喂
XUANZEYOUZHIPEIHESILIAO，CAIYONGYABAOGANJUNDENGWEISHENGTAIZHIJIHEVcBANSILIAO，JINGMIFENGFAJIAO6～12hHOUSHIYONG。QIANQIMEITIANTOUWEIYICIXIANHUOLUCHONG（JINGXIAODUSHAJUN）、YICIPEIHESILIAO；15dHOUQUANBUSHIYONGPEIHESILIAO，SUIDUIXIASHENGCHANGTOUWEICISHUZENGJIADAOMEITIAN4CI，CHITANGNEISHEZHI2～3GESILIAOTAI，GUANCHADUIXIASHESHIQINGKUANG，YILIYUJISHIDIAOZHENGTOUERLIANG。
6.3 增氧與排污
CHITANGFANGMIAOHOU，LUOCIFENGJIYINGQUANTIANKAIQI，BAOCHICHITANGSHUITIRONGYANGCHONGZU（5mg/LYISHANG），SUICHITANGSHUIWEIJIASHEN，YINGJISHIZENGDACHONGQILIANG，DIAOZHENGMEIGECHONGQIPANDECHUQILIANG，BAOZHENGCHONGYANGXIAOGUO。MEITIANPAIWUQIANYINGKAIQISHUICHESHIZENGYANGJI，SHICHITANGSHUITIHUANMANZHUANDONG，JIANGWUWUHUIJIDAOJIWUKOU，YUE2 hHOU，TIQIKONGZHISHUIGUANPAIWU。
6.4 養殖監測
YANGZHIGUOCHENGZHONG，MEITIANJIANCECHISHUIRONGYANG、ANDAN、YAXIAOSUANYANDENGZHIBIAO；CELIANGDUIXIASHENGCHANGZHIBIAO，ZUOHAO“SANXIANGJILU”，GENJUSHENGCHANGZHIBIAOYUGUCUNTANGLIANG，DIAOZHENGTOUERLIANG。
NO.7養成收獲
JINGGUO60dCHITANGYANGZHI，6YUE12RIDUIXIADADAOPINGJUNGUIGE80WEI/kg，KAISHIDUIXIACHUCHIXIAOSHOU。CAIYONGDILONGWANGCHUXIAFANGSHI，XIANPAISHUIJIANGDICHITANGSHUIWEI，RANHOUFANGRUDILONGWANG，3～5 minJIANGWANGLACHU，MEIWANGBULAODUIXIA15kgZUOYOU。YINGZHUYI，SHOUBUFANGWANGSHIJIANBUYIGUOCHANG，YINCISHICHITANGNEIXIADUO，RUFANGWANGSHIJIANCHANG、BULAOLIANGGUODUO，ZEDUIYUNSHUXIAOSHOUCHENGHUOLVYOUYINGXIANG。
ZHI6YUE18RI，GONGJI0.8hm2，12KOUCHITANG，YANGZHIDUIXIAQUANBUCHUCHIWANBI，JINGTONGJI：GONGCHUCHANNANMEIBAIDUIXIA25300kg，PINGJUNCHANLIANG31625kg/hm2，XIAOSHOUJIAGE55.32YUAN/kg，JINGJIXIAOYI90WANYUAN。YIJINXIAYANGZHICHENGBEN9.88YUAN，YIJINXIALIRUN17.78YUAN。
GAIYANGZHIMOSHIWEIYINIANSHUANGCHAYANGZHI，DIYICHAJIESHUHOU，JICHUSHESHI、SHEBEIJINGWEIXIU、GAIJINHOU，YU8YUE18RITOUFANGDIERCHAMIAOZHONGYANGZHI，TOUFANGMIDU225WANWEI/hm2，CAIQUHEDIYICHAXIANGTONGDEGUANLIJISHUSHOUDUAN，JING80dYANGZHI，YANGZHIDUIXIAGUIGE90～110WEI/Kg，11YUE8RIYIJINGQUANBUCHUCHIWANBI，JINGTONGJIDIERCHAYANGCHENGQINGKUANG：GONGCHUCHANNANMEIBAIDUIXIA14400 kg，PINGJUNCHANLIANG18000kg/hm2，XIAOSHOUJIAGE42YUAN/kg，JINGJIXIAOYI28.8WANYUAN，YI JINXIAYANGZHICHENGBEN13YUAN，YIJINXIALIRUN8YUAN。
QUANNIANLIANGCHAYANGZHIJIEGUO：GUDINGZICHANZHEJIU，TUDICHENGBEN3.5WANYUAN；WENPENGZHEJIU7.5WANYUAN（YIPENGJIAJIEGOUYICIXINGTOURUSHIYONGQI10NIANJISUAN）；WAIFUPENGMO2WANYUAN；QITAZHEJIU2WANYUAN，HEJIZHEJIUCHENGBEN15WANYUAN。QUANNIANLIANGCHAYANGZHIJINGJIXIAOYI（90+28.8）-15=103.8WANYUAN。
NO.8總結與討論
BENYANGZHIMOSHIJIYUEHUACHENGDUGAO，MIAOZHONGZHILIANGSHIYANGZHICHENGGONGLVDEGUANJIAN，YINGXUANZEJINGJIANCEBUXIEDAITEDINGBINGYUANTIDEYOUZHIMIAOZHONG。
YOUWAIDIYINJINMIAOZHONGRUTANGYANGZHIQIAN，YINGJINXINGBIAOCU，YITIGAOMIAOZHONGDUIBENDISHUIZHIHUANJINGDENGDESHIYINGNENGLI，TIGAOFANGMIAOCHENGHUOLV。
DIYICHAYANGZHIDUIXIAMIAOZHONGTOUFANGLIANGBUCHAOGUO300WANWEI/hm2，DIERCHAYANGZHIDUIXIAMIAOZHONGTOUFANGLIANGBUCHAOGUO225WANWEI/hm2WEIYI。
CHENDIANCHI、PEISHUICHIYUYANGZHIMIANJIBIXUJUBEIYIDINGDEPEITAOSHUIYUANNENGLI，GUIMOYUWENPENGCHITANGYANGZHIMIANJIBILIYINGDADAO3∶1～4∶1YISHANG，BAOZHENGSHUIYUANGONGYINGCHONGZU，SHUIZHIWENDINGYOULIANG。